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Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl compounds (PFAS)

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl compounds (PFAS) are a group of more than 10,000 estimated substances that are used in packaging, for example, due to their surface activity and thus their grease and water-repellent properties as well as their heat stability, but are also used as process aids and polymerization aids, surfactants, sealants or in paints. As they are not easily biodegradable, they are also referred to as "eternity chemicals". Some of these substances are absorbed by humans through food or drinking water. Of the relatively few well-studied PFAS, most are considered to be moderately to highly toxic, especially for children's development. In 2018, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) re-evaluated the diverse evidence on the toxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and in 2020 set tolerable weekly intake (TWI) limits of 4.4 ng/kg body weight per day in some foods. The assessment concluded that a significant proportion of the European population is likely to exceed the TWI limit due to the intake of PFAS through food and drinking water.

test method:	specific migration
Norms:	Hausverfahren (externer Anbieter) DIN EN 15408 (in Anlehnung) (2011-05)
Needed sample size:	10 g for residual content determinations, 5 DIN A4 sheets or 5 articles for migrations, wrapped in aluminum foil to avoid contamination

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TF (Total Fluorine)
Regulation (EU) 2025/40 on packaging and packaging waste (PPWR), published on 22.01.2025, contains important regulations on limiting perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in food packaging. From 12.08.2026, food packaging may no longer be placed on the market if it contains PFAS in a concentration equal to or above the following limit values to the extent that the placing on the market of packaging containing such a concentration of PFAS is not prohibited pursuant to another Union legal act: a) 25 ppb for any PFAS as measured with targeted PFAS analysis (polymeric PFAS excluded from quantification) b) 250 ppb for the sum of PFAS measured as the sum of targeted PFAS analysis, where applicable with prior degradation of precursors (polymeric PFAS excluded) c) 50 ppm for PFASs (including polymeric PFAS); if total fluorine (TF) exceeds 50 mg/kg the manufacturer or importer smust provide proof of the quantity of fluorine measured on request.

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Heike Schwertke

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Information about tests

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl compounds (PFAS)

Standardprüfungen

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